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TOPIC
about_Script_Blocks
SHORT DESCRIPTION
Defines what a script block is and explains how to use script blocks in
the Windows PowerShell programming language.
LONG DESCRIPTION
In the Windows PowerShell programming language, a script block is a
collection of statements or expressions that can be used as a single unit.
A script block can accept arguments and return values.
Syntactically, a script block is a statement list in braces, as shown in
the following syntax:
{<statement list>}
A script block returns the output of all the commands in the script block,
either as a single object or as an array.
Like functions, a script block can include parameters. Use the Param
keyword to assign named parameters, as shown in the following syntax:
{
param ([type]$parameter1 [,[type]$parameter2])
<statement list>
}
In a script block, unlike a function, you cannot specify parameters outside
the braces.
Like functions, script blocks can include the DynamicParam, Begin, Process,
and End keywords. For more information, see about_Functions and
about_Functions_Advanced.
Using Script Blocks
A script block is an instance of a Microsoft .NET Framework type
(System.Management.Automation.ScriptBlock). Commands can have script
block parameter values. For example, the Invoke-Command cmdlet has a
ScriptBlock parameter that takes a script block value, as shown in this
example:
C:\PS> invoke-command -scriptblock { get-process }
Handles NPM(K) PM(K) WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s) Id ProcessName
------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------ -- -----------
999 28 39100 45020 262 15.88 1844 communicator
721 28 32696 36536 222 20.84 4028 explorer
. . .
The script block that is used as a value can be more complicated, as
shown in the following example:
C:\PS> invoke-command -scriptblock { param ($uu = "Parameter");
"$uu assigned." }
Parameter assigned.
The script block in the preceding example uses the Param keyword to
create a parameter that has a default value. The following example uses
the Args parameter of the Invoke-Command cmdlet to assign a different
value to the parameter:
C:\PS> invoke-command -scriptblock {param ($uu = "Parameter");
"$uu assigned."} -args "Other value"
Other value assigned.
You can assign a script block to a variable, as shown in the following
example:
C:\PS> $a = {param ($uu = "Parameter"); "$uu assigned."}
You can use the variable with a cmdlet such as Invoke-Command, as shown
in the following example:
C:\PS> invoke-command -scriptblock $a -args "Other value"
Other value assigned.
You can run a script block that is assigned to a variable by using the
call operator (&), as shown in the following example:
C:\PS> &$a
Parameter assigned.
You can also provide a parameter to the script block, as shown in the
following example:
C:\PS> &$a "Other value"
Other value assigned.
If you want to assign the value that is created by a script block to a
variable, use the call operator to run the script block directly, as
shown in the following example:
C:\PS> $a = &{param ($uu = "Parameter"); "$uu assigned."}
C:\PS> $a
Parameter assigned.
For more information about the call operator, see about_Operators.
SEE ALSO
about_Functions
about_Functions_Advanced
about_Operators